Appearance: Colorless or Pale yellow sligtly turbid liquid
Antibody titer: pass test Type: IgG
Concentration: 200 μg per ml PBS solution;
0.1% ProClin as a preservative
Host: Japanese rabbit
Storage Condition: -20°C
Shipping Condition: with blue ice or dry ice
Product Description
8-Nitroguanosine
is a nitrated base of DNA and RNA. It is formed by peroxynitrite, which
is generated from nitric oxide and superoxide anion radical. It is
known that a large amount of nitric oxide molecules and superoxide
anion, generated by inflammation, causes nitration of guanosine. Since
chemically modified nucleotides cause mutation during DNA replication,
8-nitroguanosine is thought to be one of the markers of DNA damage
related to mutation and cancer. Because of its very high specificity,
monoclonal antibody NO2G52 recognizes
8-nitroguanine and 8-nitroguanosine, but it does not cross-react with
normal nucleotide bases, 8-hydroxyguanine, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine,
3-nitrotyrosine, xanthine, or 2-nitroimidazole (Fig. 1). The specificity
of NO2G52 was determined by a
competitive ELISA using an 8-nitroguanosine-BSA-coated plate. As shown
in the figures below, NO2G52 has very high affinity for 8-nitroguanine
and 8-nitroguanosine, and it slightly cross-reacts with
8-bromoguanosine, 8-bromoguanine, and 8-chloroguanine.
Anti-Nitroguanosine polyclonal antibody also
recognizes 8-nitroguanine and 8-nitroguanosine, but it does not
cross-react with normal guanosine, guanine, 8-hydroxyguanine, or
3-nitrotyrosine. Since this antibody was prepared using rabbits, it can
be used for immuno-histostaining of rodent tissues such as mice or rats.
Fig 1. Specificity of Anti 8-Nitroguanosine monoclonal antibody
Fig 2 Tissue Staining with Anti-Nitroguanosine Antibody
A) Tissue section (8 days postinfection, influenza) stained with Anti-Nitroguanosine Antibody.
B) The same section viewed using a confocal laser scanning microscope (Fluoroview FV300, Olympus, Nagano, Japan). Strong fluorescence, due to emission of Vector red, is evident in the cytosol.
References
1. T. Akaike, et al., 8-nitroguanosine formation in viral pneumonia and its implication for pathogenesis, PNAS. 2003;100:685-690.
2. J. Yoshitake, et al., Nitric oxide as an endogenous mutagen for Sendai virus without antiviral activity. J Virol. 2004;78:8709-8719.
3.
T. Sawa, et al., Protein S-guanylation by the biological signal
8-nitroguanosine 3’,5’-cyclic monophosphate. Nat Chem Biol. 2007;3:727-735.
4.
M. H. Zaki, et al., Cytoprotective function of heme oxygenase 1 induced
by a nitrated cyclic nucleotide formed during murine salmonellosis. J
Immunol. 2009;182:3746-3756.
5.
Y. Terasaki, et al., Guanine nitration in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
and its implication for carcinogenesis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med.
2006;174:665-673.
6.
T. Sawa, et al., Analysis of urinary 8-nitroguanine, a marker of
nitrative nucleic acid damage, by high-performance liquid
chromatography-electrochemical detection coupled with immunoaffinity
purification: association with cigarette smoking. Free Radic Biol Med.
2006;40:711-720.